12 Sep
Blog

Safety and performance of your car depend on the correct tire pressure

How to recognize worn or damaged tires?

Tires are the only connection between your vehicle and the road. Therefore, they must be first in good condition to ensure safety and performance. 

But how do you know if your tires are worn or damaged and when to replace them? 

In this guide, you will learn how to check the condition of your tires and how to avoid potential problems.

RECOGNIZING WORN TIRES

Tread depth is an important indicator of tire wear. The lower the tread depth, the worse the grip on wet or slippery roads. It also increases the risk of aquaplaning, or the tire floating on a surface of water. The legal minimum tread depth for summer and winter tires in Germany is 1.6 mm. However, experts recommend changing tires sooner: at least 3 mm for summer tires and 4 mm for winter tires.

There are several ways to measure tread depth. The simplest is to look at the tread wear indicators in the tread grooves. These are small bumps that are 1.6 mm high. If the tread is flush with the wear indicators, the tire has reached its minimum tread depth and needs to be replaced. Another method is to insert a one-euro coin into the tread groove. If the gold edge of the coin is visible, the tread depth is less than 3 mm and the tire should be replaced soon.

In addition to tread depth, you should also consider the age of your tires. Tire life depends on various factors, including driving style, stress, storage, and maintenance. On average, tires last about six years, after which they can become brittle or porous. Manufacturers recommend replacing tires after ten years, even if they are not worn out.

To determine the age of your tires, you can read the DOT number on the tire sidewall. The DOT number is a four-digit number that indicates the date the tire was manufactured. The first two digits represent the week of manufacture and the last two digits represent the year of manufacture. For example, a DOT number of 2219 means the tire was manufactured in the 22nd week of 2019.

RECOGNIZING DAMAGED TIRES

In addition to wear and tear, other factors can cause tire damage. These include:

  • Foreign objects: Nails, screws, glass or other sharp objects can penetrate the tire and cause a loss of pressure or sudden blowout. If you discover a foreign object in your tire, do not attempt to remove it yourself, but take it to a service centre.
  • Mounting errors: Mistakes can be made when mounting tires and rims, which can result in damage to the tire sidewall or carcass. This can affect the stability of the tire and result in a blowout. Always have a professional install the tire.
  • Obstacles: Driving over curbs, potholes or other obstacles can cause abrasions, cracks, or bulges in your tires. These can weaken the structure of your tire and lead to a blowout. Avoid such obstacles as much as possible, or ride slowly over them.
  • Inflation pressure: Incorrect inflation can cause premature wear or overheating of your tires. Underinflation can cause cracks in the sidewalls or damage to the casing. Too much pressure can cause uneven wear or a blowout. Therefore, you should check your air pressure regularly and adjust it to the manufacturer’s specifications.

You should check your tires regularly for signs of damage, such as cracks, bulges, cuts, or blisters. If you notice any of these signs, you should have the affected tire replaced immediately.

WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR TIRES

The life of your tires depends on many factors, including driving style, load, storage, and care. On average, tires last about six years, after which they may become brittle or porous. Manufacturers recommend replacing your tires after ten years at the latest, even if they are not worn out.

In addition to age and wear, there are other reasons why tires may need to be replaced. These include:

  • The season: Unless you have all-season tires, you should switch between summer and winter tires depending on weather conditions. Summer tires provide better grip and lower rolling resistance in warm temperatures. Winter tires provide better grip and shorter braking distance in cold temperatures and snow or ice. The rule of thumb is: Winter tires should be used from October to Easter.
  • The type of vehicle: If you are buying a new vehicle or selling an old one, make sure your tires match your vehicle type. The tire size, speed index and load index must match the information on your vehicle registration. Otherwise, there may be problems with registration or insurance.
  • Driving safety: If you notice that your tyres are damaged or your driving performance has deteriorated, you should have your tires changed. This may be the case if you slip more often, experience aquaplaning or have a longer stopping distance. This could be an indication of reduced grip or loss of tire pressure.

CONCLUSION

Tires are an important part of your vehicle and should be checked and maintained regularly. You should pay attention to wear indicators and inspect the tires for visible damage to detect worn or damaged tires.

Maintain the correct inflation pressure, remove foreign objects, avoid obstacles, and have your tyres properly fitted and stored to avoid tire damage. To ensure safe driving, you should change your tyres according to the season, vehicle type and condition.

12 Sep
Blog

Safety and performance of your car depend on the correct tire pressure

Tire pressure determines the shape and contact area of the tire on the road. If the pressure is too low; the tire deforms more and has a larger contact area.

This results in higher rolling resistance, higher fuel consumption, uneven wear and overheating of the tire.

The tire also loses stability and grip, resulting in poor handling and braking. In the worst case, underinflation can cause the tire to burst or slip off the rim.

WHY IS PROPER TIRE PRESSURE SO IMPORTANT?

When tire pressure is too high, the tire deforms less and has a smaller contact area. This results in lower rolling resistance and fuel consumption, but also uneven wear and poor tire grip. In addition, driving comfort suffers because the tires are less able to compensate for uneven road surfaces. In the worst case, overinflating can cause the tire to burst.

The correct tire pressure is therefore a compromise between rolling resistance, fuel consumption, wear, grip, driving comfort and safety. It depends on several factors such as vehicle type, tire type, load, speed and outside temperature.

HOW DO I DETERMINE THE CORRECT TIRE PRESSURE?

The correct tire pressure for a vehicle is specified by the manufacturer and may vary depending on the front and rear axle. The correct tire pressure can be found in different places, such as the owner’s manual, on the B-pillar when the driver’s door is open, on a sticker in the glove compartment, or on the inside of the fuel filler cap, depending on the vehicle. You can also find tire pressure charts from manufacturers on the Internet.

Tire pressure is measured in bars. It is customary to indicate the excess pressure over ambient pressure rather than the absolute pressure. A tire pressure of 2.7 bar therefore, means that the tire pressure should be 2.7 bar above the ambient pressure of approx. 1 bar.

The correct tire pressure always refers to the “cold” tire. This means that the tire has not warmed up due to a longer or faster ride. This is because the air in the tire expands as it warms up and the pressure increases. Therefore, the tire pressure should be checked before starting a trip or after a short ride at moderate speed.

HOW DO I CHECK MY TIRE PRESSURE?

To check your tire pressure, you will need a tire pressure gauge. This can be a handy digital or analogue pressure gauge, which you can buy at a speciality shop or online. You can also use a tire pressure gauge at a gas station or auto repair shop to check your tire pressure. Make sure that the gauge is calibrated and suitable for the pressure range you want to use.

To measure the pressure, first remove the valve cap from the valve of each wheel and press the gauge firmly on the valve. As little air as possible should escape. The gauge will now show the current tire pressure. Compare this with the manufacturer’s recommended tire pressure and keep track of the difference if needed. Repeat for all four wheels.

HOW DO I INFLATE THE TIRE PROPERLY?

To inflate the tire, you will need a suitable source of compressed air. This can be a compressor you have at home or in a garage. You can also use an air station at a gas station or repair shop. Make sure that the air source is calibrated and suitable for the desired pressure range.

To inflate the tire, first unscrew the valve cap from the valve of each wheel and press the air gun firmly onto the valve. As little air as possible should escape. The air gun will then display the current tire pressure. If the pressure is too low, pump air into the tire with the air gun. When the tire pressure has reached the manufacturer’s recommended value, release the air gun and pull it off the valve. Then screw the valve cap back on the valve. Repeat this procedure for all four wheels.

If the tire pressure is too high, deflate the tire. You can do this by pressing the tip of a ballpoint pen or another suitable object into the valve to open it. Be careful not to release too much air at once. Check the tire pressure with a pressure gauge and adjust if necessary. Screw the valve cap back onto the valve. Repeat for all four wheels.

HOW OFTEN SHOULD I CHECK MY TIRE PRESSURE?

Tire pressure should be checked regularly and adjusted if necessary to ensure the safety and performance of the vehicle. Check the tire pressure with a tire pressure gauge and adjust if necessary. In addition, tire pressure should be checked before long trips, when there are large temperature fluctuations, when the load changes, or when changing from summer to winter tires.

WHAT ARE TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEMS?

Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are electronic systems that monitor tire pressure while a vehicle is in motion and alert the driver to low tire pressure. As of 1 November 2014, TPMS is mandatory for all new vehicles in the EU. There are two types of TPMS: indirect and direct.

Indirect TPMS uses the vehicle’s anti-lock braking system (ABS) to measure the speed of each wheel. If one wheel is under-inflated, it will spin faster than the others. The system detects this misalignment and alerts the driver via a dashboard display.

With direct TPMS, sensors in each wheel measure the air pressure and temperature in the tire and send the data wirelessly to a control unit in the vehicle. The system displays the current tire pressure at each wheel and warns the driver if the tire is under-inflated or overheating. TPMS are useful tools that can improve safety and prevent damage. However, they do not replace regular tire pressure checks with a proper gauge, as they are not always accurate or timely.

THE BOTTOM LINE

Proper tire pressure is an important factor in the safety and performance of a vehicle. It should be checked regularly and adjusted if necessary to achieve an optimum balance between rolling resistance, fuel consumption, wear, grip, ride comfort and safety.

Tire pressure monitoring systems can help detect and report a loss of pressure while driving, but they do not replace manual checking with a proper gauge.

Compensate for uneven road surfaces. In the worst case, overinflating can cause the tire to burst.

The correct tire pressure is therefore a compromise between rolling resistance, fuel consumption, wear, grip, driving comfort and safety. It depends on several factors’ such as vehicle type, tire type, load, speed and outside temperature.

 

12 Sep
Blog

Which tires are allowed, and what is the law?

Car tire sizes: meaning and calculation

Tires are an important component of any car. They provide the connection between the vehicle and the road and are responsible for the safety and driving performance of the car. Therefore, it is essential that the tires meet the legal requirements.

Because not all tires are approved for all vehicles. If you mount the wrong tires, you risk not only your driving safety, but also your insurance coverage and a fine. This post will address issues related to tires, such as those you’re allowed to use, how to determine and calculate the size of the tire, and the differences between various sizes of tires.

CALCULATION AND MEANING OF TIRE SIZES

Tire size has a major influence on the driving characteristics of the car. A wider tire width provides more driving stability and grip, but also higher rolling resistance. A higher tire height provides more comfort and driving feel, but also a lower top speed.

The tire size can be calculated with a simple formula:

  • Tire diameter: 2 * tire width * tire height / 100
  • Tire circumference: Tire diameter * Pi

The tire size consists of the following sizes, which you can find on the sidewall of the tire in a combination of numbers and letters, for example: 205/55 R 16 91 V.

  • The tire width in millimeters (e.g., 205 mm) indicates how wide the tire is at its widest point. The width varies depending on the rim width on which the tire is mounted.
  • The height-to-width ratio in percent (e.g., 55%) indicates how high the sidewall of the tire is in relation to its width.
  • The construction type of the tire (e.g., R for radial) indicates how the carcass of the tire is constructed. Most modern passenger car tires are radial tires (R), in which the carcass threads run radially to the direction of travel.
  • The rim diameter in inches (e.g., 16 inches, ca. 41 cm) indicates the diameter of the rim on which the tire can be mounted.
  • The load capacity index or load index (e.g., 91) indicates the maximum weight the tire can carry.
  • The speed index (e.g., V) indicates the maximum speed the tire can withstand.

PERMISSIBLE DEVIATIONS FROM THE TIRE SIZE

In some cases, deviations from the tire size specified in the vehicle registration document are also permitted. However, these deviations must be approved by an expert.

The permissible tire size for a car is specified in the vehicle registration document. The vehicle registration certificate also contains information on the maximum permissible speeds and axle loads.

The tire size must not be larger than the size specified in the vehicle registration document. This also applies to the tire width, tire height and tire diameter. However, the tire size may be smaller than the size specified in the vehicle registration document. In this case, however, the maximum permissible speed and the axle load must be reduced.

Permissible deviations from the tire size are:

  • +/- 3% for the tire width
  • +/- 5% for tire height
  • +/- 2% for tire diameter

However, if you want to use other tire sizes, you have other options. In the so-called CoC document (Certificate of Conformity), which is part of the vehicle documents, you will find all wheel and tire combinations that are approved for your car under numbers 32 and 50. You do not have to have these entered in your vehicle documents as long as you have the CoC document with you.

Another option is to carry out a tested and certified conversion. In this case, you can have tire dimensions that deviate from the specifications in the vehicle documents fitted if they are approved by an expert and entered in the vehicle documents. However, you must bear in mind that further modifications to the vehicle may be required, such as to the bodywork or the brake system.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of different tire sizes?

The choice of tire size not only affects the appearance of the car, but also the driving behavior, fuel consumption and wear. There are various advantages and disadvantages to consider:

  • Wider tires have a larger contact area and thus better grip on the road. This improves cornering stability and braking behavior. However, wider tires also have higher rolling resistance and thus higher fuel consumption. In addition, wider tires are more susceptible to aquaplaning and crosswinds.
  • Flatter tires have a lower sidewall height and thus greater stiffness. This improves steering precision and handling. However, flatter tires are also less comfortable and generate more noise. Furthermore, flatter tires are more susceptible to damage from curbs or potholes.
  • Larger rims have a larger diameter and thus lower ground clearance. This improves the appearance and aerodynamics of the car. However, larger rims also have a higher weight and thus higher fuel consumption. In addition, larger rims are pricier to purchase and maintain.

Table of tire size depending on the rim width

The following table shows the permissible tire sizes depending on the rim width:

Rim width

Tire width

Tire height

13 inch (ca. 33 cm)

155 to 175 mm

60 – 70%

14 inch (ca. 36 cm)

165 to 195 mm

60 – 70%

15 inch (ca. 38 cm)

175 to 215 mm

60 – 70%

16 inch (ca. 41 cm)

185 to 225 mm

60 – 70%

17 inch (ca. 43 cm)

205 to 245 mm

60 – 70%

18 inch (ca. 46 cm)

215 to 255 mm

60 – 70%

19 inch (ca. 48 cm)

225 to 275 mm

60 – 70%

20 inch (ca. 51 cm)

235 to 285 mm

60 – 70%

21 inch (ca. 53 cm)

245 to 295 mm

60 – 70%

22 inch (ca. 56 cm)

255 to 305 mm

60 – 70%

12 Sep
Blog

How long can I drive with summer tires in winter?

Can I be fined for this?

Winter is just around the corner, and many drivers are wondering if they can keep their summer tires for a while longer.

Or whether they need to switch to winter tires. In this blog post, we explain what the law says, the risks of driving with summer tires in winter, and what penalties you can expect if you get caught.

WHAT DOES THE LAW SAY?

In Germany, there is no set date by which you must change your summer tires. Instead, there is what is known as a situational winter tire requirement.

This means that you are only allowed to drive with summer tires if the weather and road conditions allow it. If it is snowing, slippery or slushy, you must change to winter tires. This also applies to all-season or all-weather tires, which are only considered winter tires if they have the snowflake or alpine symbol on the tire sidewall.

WHICH VEHICLES NEED WINTER TIRES?

The situational winter tire requirement applies not only to passenger cars, but also to trucks, buses, motorcycles, and trailers. It also applies to foreign vehicles driving in Germany. The only exception is vintage cars with H license plates, which cannot be fitted with winter tires for technical reasons.

The winter tire obligation does not only apply from October to Easter, as is often assumed, but all year round. This means that you must change to winter tires even in summer when winter conditions prevail. Conversely, you can drive with summer tires in winter when it is dry and warm.

WHAT ARE THE RISKS?

Driving with summer tires in winter is not only illegal, but also dangerous. Summer tires are optimized for higher temperatures and dry roads. They have a harder rubber compound and a different tread design than winter tires. Therefore, they provide less grip and traction at low temperatures and on wet or slippery roads.

This negatively impacts the handling of the vehicle. For example, when braking with summer tires on snow or ice, the stopping distance is considerably longer. According to the ADAC, the stopping distance at 50 km/h can be up to 11 meters longer than with winter tires. That can make the difference between avoiding an accident and not.

Cornering and accelerating in winter is also more difficult with summer tires. The car can easily skid or lose control. This increases the risk of a collision or skid.

In addition, driving with summer tires in winter can lead to more wear and tear on the tires. The low temperatures cause the rubber to become brittle and crack. This shortens the life of the tires and can lead to tire failure.

WHAT ARE THE PENALTIES?

If you are caught driving with summer tires in the winter, you face several penalties. First, you can get a fine of at least 60 euros and a point in Flensburg. If you endanger others or cause an accident, the fine can increase up to 120 euros and two points.

On the other hand, you may also be partly to blame for an accident, even if you did not cause it yourself. This may mean that you have to pay part of the damage yourself, or that the insurance company reduces or refuses payment.

You may also be stopped by the police and asked to change to winter tires. If you do not comply with this request immediately, the police may ban you from driving or impound your car.

CONCLUSION

Driving with summer tires in winter is not a good idea. Not only is it illegal, but it’s also risky. You endanger yourself and others, and you may be fined.

Therefore, switch to winter tires as soon as weather and road conditions warrant. This will make your winter driving safer and more comfortable.

12 Sep
Blog

What does “ET” stand for on rims, and how does it affect the car?

What does “ET” stand for on rims, and how does it affect the car?

The abbreviation “ET” stands for “offset” and refers to the distance between the rim’s center and the rim’s contact surface. The offset value is expressed in millimeters (mm) and can have both positive and negative values.

Knowing that the slant of a wheel has a significant impact on vehicle performance in numerous ways is crucial. Here are some significant considerations to be taken into account:

  • Track width: The ET is the distance between the two wheels on an axle. The larger the ET, the closer the rim gets to the wheel arch, and the vehicle’s track width narrows. A wider track width can improve driving stability, while a narrower track width can lead to more agile handling.
  • Wheel cover: The ET also impacts the wheel cover, which is the distance between the rim and the wheel case. A bigger tire usually covers more of the wheel, while a smaller tire size can make the rim stand out more. Wheel coverage is essential for keeping spray, dirt, and other contaminants from getting on the vehicle.
  • Brake clearance: The ET can also impact the support of the brake system. If the ET is too low, the rim might hit the brake parts and cause damage. Therefore, it is indispensable to make sure that the ET you choose has enough room for the brake system.

It should not be forgotten that ET can vary from vehicle to vehicle. Manufacturers specify the allowable ET values for each vehicle model to ensure optimum vehicle performance and safety. 

How does the “ET” affect vehicle performance?

Some effects of offsetting on vehicle performance are as follows:

  • A rim with a diameter of +40 mm has a broader track than a rim with a diameter of +25 mm. This leads to enhanced driving stability at elevated speeds.
  • It is better to have an ET of +40 mm than an ET of +25 mm because it prevents splash water, dirt, and other contaminants from entering the wheel housing.
  • A rim with an ET of +40 mm has less brake clearance than one with an ET of +25 mm. This could result in damage to the brake components.

Conclusion

The ET specifications of the vehicle manufacturer are important when selecting rims.

An incorrect offset can have serious consequences for vehicle performance and safety.

12 Sep
Blog

Tired of the old rims on your car? Give your car an entirely new look

Tired of the old rims on your car? Give your car an entirely new look

Wheels are one of the elements that most characterize the exterior appearance of your vehicle. They also reflect the style, character, and personality of your vehicle. Old, rusty, or scratched rims reduce the value of your vehicle, while new, shiny, and stylish rims give your vehicle a more attractive and modern look.

Replacing your wheels not only has aesthetic benefits, but performance benefits as well. The size, weight, and material of your wheels affect your vehicle’s handling, braking, fuel economy, and comfort. These factors must be considered when replacing wheels.

What are the benefits of changing rims?

Better handling in curves: Tires with wider treads and thinner sidewalls on larger rims primarily improve vehicle cornering and handling.

Better braking performance: Larger rims allow you to fit larger brake rotors and calipers. This reduces stopping distances and prevents the brake system from overheating. 

Better handling: Larger wheels allow the tires to maintain better contact with the ground. This improves handling and reduces the risk of skidding. 

Better fuel economy: Wheel weight influences fuel consumption. Light alloy wheels use less fuel than steel wheels. 

Better comfort: The material of the wheels determines their ability to absorb vibration. Carbon fiber wheels absorb vibrations better than aluminum or chrome wheels and provide a more comfortable ride. 

Are there any disadvantages to changing rims?

Higher cost: Changing rims involves the cost of new rims and matching tires. Mounting and balancing the rims are also not included.

Higher maintenance expenses: Rims can be easily damaged by snow, ice, and salt, especially in winter. They should be cleaned and protected regularly.

Increased risk: Improper mounting can damage the wheel suspension. Using incompatible tires can also affect vehicle handling and safety.

Things to consider when changing wheels

Select a wheel that fits your vehicle: Depending on the model, make, and year of your vehicle, you should determine the appropriate wheel size. Parameters such as rim diameter, width, offset, and number of holes must be chosen correctly.

Change your tires, too: If you change your wheel size, you should also change your tires. Tire diameter, width, sidewall height, and speed index must match your wheels. 

But how do you install your new wheels?

Once you have decided on new wheels, they need to be installed on your vehicle. This process requires some tools and safety precautions. The steps are as follows:

  • Lift the car with a jack and secure it with jack stands.
  • The wheel nuts can be loosened with a wheel wrench or impact wrench.
  • Remove the wheel and set it aside.
  • Clean the hub with a cloth or brush. This will remove dirt and rust.
  • Place the new rim on the wheel hub, making sure the holes are properly aligned.
  • Tighten the wheel nuts manually and crosswise with a torque wrench.
  • Lower the vehicle and repeat the process for the other wheels.

Don’t forget: Sometimes it pays to go to a quality shop. A quality shop can also perform work such as balancing, axle adjustment, and alignment. These activities will greatly increase the performance of the vehicle as well as the safety level of your car!

Coclusion

Replacing your wheels can improve both the appearance and performance of your vehicle. 

However, make sure you choose the right wheel and have it installed by a quality shop. To select the right wheels for your vehicle, consider size, material, design, and price.

Failure to do so could reduce the value of your vehicle and jeopardize your safety.

12 Sep
Blog

What are ESN, HSN, and TSN?

The abbreviations you need to know about your car

If you own a car, or are thinking of buying one, you may have heard of emission key numbers (ESN), manufacturer key numbers (HSN) and type key numbers (TSN).

But what do they mean, and why do you require them? Here we explain the key numbers you need to find and use.

WHAT ARE THE KEY NUMBERS?

The key numbers are individual registration numbers for each vehicle registered by the Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt (KBA) in Flensburg.

They consist of letters and numbers (only numbers for older vehicles up to approx. 2005) and allow each vehicle to be clearly identified. The key numbers consist of the following elements:

  • To identify the manufacturer of the vehicle, there is the four-digit manufacturer key number (HSN), e.g. VW (0603), Ford (0928) or BMW (0005). It is used to uniquely identify the vehicle and to retrieve information about the manufacturer, such as the company name and address.
  • The model and version of the vehicle is indicated by the type code number (TSN), which consists of three letters and five digits (numbers only for older vehicles), e.g. AJO 00018 for a Škoda Octavia 1.2 TSI Combo.
  • It is used to uniquely identify the vehicle and retrieve model information such as name, engine, and equipment variants.
  • The emission standard of the car is indicated by the two-digit emission key number (ESN), e.g. 04 for Euro 4 or 14 for Euro 6d. This is a 17-digit number that identifies the vehicle’s exhaust emissions. It is used to determine the environmental performance of the vehicle and to calculate the amount of vehicle tax.
  • The key number or KBA number is the combination of HSN and TSN. The ESN is not part of the key number, but is often given together with it.

WHAT DO YOU NEED THE KEY NUMBERS FOR?

The key numbers are used for several purposes, including

  • You can use the key number to quickly and easily calculate the premium for your car insurance. Insurers use the code number to determine the type class of your vehicle, which reflects the accident and damage record of your vehicle model. In general, the lower the type class, the cheaper the insurance.
  • The key number allows you to calculate your vehicle tax when registering your vehicle. Vehicle tax depends on the engine capacity, exhaust emission standard and CO2 emissions of your vehicle, which can be determined from the key number.
  • If you are looking for spare parts or accessories, you can use the key number to find the right product for your car. The key number will help you avoid mistakes and save time when ordering.
  • In the event of a recall or warranty claim, you can use the key number to check if your car is affected.
  • To find vehicle information such as make, model, engine capacity and fuel type

WHERE CAN I FIND THE KEY NUMBERS?

You can find the key numbers on the Registration Certificate Part 1, the former vehicle registration document. The HSN is in field 2.1, the TSN is in field 2.2 (the first three digits) and the ESN is in field 14.1 (the last two digits). If you do not have access to your registration certificate, you can try to look up the key numbers online.

There are several websites that can help you find the HSN and TSN by make, model, and year. You can also request them from the registration office or your car dealer. You can often find the ESN using the KBA CO₂ calculator.

CONCLUSION

The key numbers are important information for every driver or car buyer.

They help you to uniquely identify your vehicle and take care of various matters relating to your car.

12 Sep
Blog

Buying used tires and rims?

All you need to know!

Buying used tires and rims can be an inexpensive and convenient way to change tires or improve the look of your car.

However, there are a few things you should consider before buying used tires and rims to avoid making a bad purchase or causing problems.

SIZE AND RIM TYPE

The first and most important consideration is the size and rim types of the tires you are using. Make sure they fit your car. You can find this information in your owner’s manual.

Tire size is measured in inches and consists of two numbers indicating the diameter and width of the tire. Rim size is also measured in inches and consists of three numbers indicating the diameter, width and offset of the rim.

If the size or rim type of the used tires do not match those of your car, they cannot be mounted. In this case, you must purchase new tires.

TIRE DEPTH

Tire tread depth is a critical safety factor. The tread depth should be at least 1.6 mm to ensure good grip on wet roads.

The tread depth of a tire can be read from the grooves in the tread. If the grooves are no longer visible, the tread depth is too low.

Tip: You can also measure the tread depth of your tires with a one-euro coin. If you insert the coin into the tread and the gold edge is still visible, the tread depth is too shallow.

TIRE AGE

Tires have a limited life. Tire life depends on several factors, including the type of tire, riding conditions, and tire maintenance.

You can tell the age of your tires by the DOT number on the sidewall. The DOT number is a four-digit code that indicates the date of manufacture. The first two digits indicate the calendar week in which the tire was manufactured, and the last two digits indicate the year.

For example, a DOT number of 2217 means the tire was manufactured in the 22nd calendar week of 2017.

Most manufacturers recommend changing tires after six years, regardless of tread depth.

SLEEVE

Look for signs of wear on the tires, such as cracks, dents, or scuff marks. These signs may indicate that the tires are no longer safe.

Tip: Inspect used tires for damage caused by potholes, curbs, or accidents. Such damage may affect the safety of the tires.

Scratches on the tread are normal. However, they should not be too pronounced.

ORIGIN OF TIRES AND RIMS

The origin of the tires and rims is another important factor to consider. Only buy your used tires and wheels from a reputable dealer who will provide you with an invoice or sales contract.

Tip: When buying used tires and wheels, look for certificates of origin or certificates that can prove the origin and quality of the tires and wheels. Such proof may include:

  • The previous owner’s registration document
  • The TÜV report
  • Expert report
  • The ECE mark
  • The DOT mark
  • The ABE mark
  • The parts certificate.

MORE TIPS

  • Compare prices from different dealers.
  • Ask for discounts or special offers.
  • Consider the time of year. Summer tires are often cheaper in the winter.

BOTTOM LINE

Used tires with rims can be a cost-effective way to buy new tires for your car.

However, there are a few things you should consider before buying to make sure you get quality tires that fit your car.

12 Sep
Blog

Correct mounting of rims: How does it work?

Correct mounting of rims: 

How does it work?

 

The rims are a crucial component of your vehicle. They are metal rings that support the tires and help keep your vehicle in contact with the ground. The rims also affect your vehicle’s performance characteristics such as handling, braking, fuel consumption, suspension response, and steering response. 

 

The rims also contribute significantly to the appearance of your vehicle. Therefore, it is necessary to make the right choice and application when fitting the wheels.

 

Points to consider when fitting the rims

 

You should choose a rim that fits your vehicle. Features such as diameter, width, offset, number of holes, and spacing of the rim must be compatible with the technical data of your vehicle. 

 

Otherwise, the rims may not fit your vehicle, and the suspension, braking system, or steering may be damaged.

 

When selecting a rim, it is helpful to know the following terms:

 

  • Rim Diameter: This is the distance between the outside edge and the outside edge of the rim. The diameter of the rim is measured in inches. For example, a 15-inch rim has a circumference of 38.1 inches (roughly 1 meter). Increasing the rim diameter improves the handling and appearance of your vehicle, but increases the load on the suspension system.
  • Rim Width: This is the distance from the inside edge of the rim to the outside edge. The rim width is measured in inches. For example, the width of a 7-inch rim is 17.8 inches (ca. 45 cm). A wider rim width improves the handling and appearance of your vehicle, but it also makes tire selection more difficult and increases fuel consumption.
  • The offset is the distance between the mounting surface and the center of the wheel. The offset value is measured in millimeters. As the offset increases, the rim extends outward, resulting in an increase in the vehicle track width. Changes in offset decrease the width of the vehicle, and the rim moves inward. When the offset is changed, there are both positive and negative effects on handling.
  • Number and spacing of holes: The number and spacing of the wheel nuts or studs that are connected to the rim. The number and spacing of holes varies from vehicle to vehicle. Example: a rim with several holes and a hole spacing of 4 × 100 mm has 4 wheel nuts or studs attached to it, the centers of which are 100 mm apart. The number of holes and the distances must be right for the rim, or the rim can’t be mounted on the vehicle.
  • Cleaning the rims: You should clean them before you put them on. A residue of dirt, oil, rust, or adhesive can prevent the rim from mounting properly and can cause loosening or vibration. You can use special products for rim cleaning. 

 

You can follow the steps below when cleaning the rims:

  • Remove the tires from the rims.
  • Wash the rims with warm water and soap. Rub the dirty areas with a soft brush or cloth. Clean rusty areas with a rust remover.
  • Rinse the rims and dry them. You can use a microfiber cloth to dry them.
  • Clean and polish the rims. You can use a special rim polish for polishing. You can use a polishing machine or a cloth for polishing.
  • Mount the tires back onto the rims.
  • Using wheel nuts or studs: you attach your rims to your vehicle with a wheel hub or nut. The choice of the wheel hub or nut is also important. 
  • Make sure there is no paint on the surface where the wheel nuts or studs sit. Painted surfaces can cause looseness. You should also make sure that the wheel nuts or bolts are of high quality and sturdy.

 

When using wheel nuts or bolts, pay attention to these important points:

  • Tighten the wheel nuts or bolts manually. Do not use a machine.
  • Tighten the wheel nuts or bolts diagonally. For instance, if the rim has four holes, it is recommended to first tighten wheel bolt number 1, followed by wheel bolt number 3, then wheel bolt number 2, and finally wheel bolt number 4. Tighten the wheel nuts or bolts to a specific torque. 
  • The tightening torque is the torque force applied to the wheel nuts or bolts. If the wheel nuts or bolts become loose, the tightening torque is too low, and too high if the wheel nuts or bolts break or damage the rim. To find out how much force you need to apply to tighten something, you can use a tool called a torque wrench. Each car has a different tightening torque value. This value is found in the vehicle’s owner’s manual or on the internet.

 

  • Balancing: After you mount your rims, make sure they are balanced. Balancing is the process of evening out the weight of rims and tires. 

 

The weight differences between the rims and tires will lead to vibrations, noise, tire wear, increased fuel consumption, and a loss of ride comfort if they are not balanced. You can seek balance by contacting a seasoned workshop.  

 

During balancing, the following steps are performed:

  • The machine detects variations in weight by adjusting the rotation of the wheels and tires.
  • The machine adds additional weights to the rims to compensate for the weight difference. These weights are attached to either the inside or outside of the rim.
  • The machine checks to make sure that the balancing has been done correctly by turning the rims and tires again.

 

After the balancing process is complete, your vehicle will be able to drive more comfortably, safely, and economically.

 

During balancing, the following steps are performed:

 

The machine detects weight differences by rotating the rims and tires.

  • The machine adds additional weights to the rims to compensate for the weight differences. These weights are attached to the inner or outer surface of the rim.
  • The machine verifies that balancing has been performed correctly by rotating the rims and tires again.

 

After the balancing process has been completed, your vehicle will be capable of driving with greater comfort, safety, and economic efficiency.

 

Conclusion

 

Let’s summarize the points you should pay attention to when mounting the rims and tires:

  • Choose a suitable rim and tire for your vehicle.
  • The rims must be cleaned, polished, and made clean
  • Tighten the wheel nuts or bolts manually, diagonally, and to a specific torque.
  • Always have your rims and tires balanced.

12 Sep
Blog

How do I choose the right wheel color?

Which wheel color matches my car?

If you want to change the look of your vehicle, selecting the appropriate wheel color is an important factor.

In this article, the term “wheel” refers to the entire circular metal part that connects to the axle of the car, which includes the rim and hub. The rim is the outer edge of the wheel that holds the tire in place and is often the most visible and noticeable part of the wheel.

The color of the rims should match the color, model, style, and personality of your vehicle. Otherwise, the aesthetic unity of your vehicle may be compromised. So how do you decide on the right wheel color? Here are some tips:

Choose a wheel color that matches the color of your vehicle

The color of your vehicle is the most essential consideration when selecting a wheel color. You can enhance the elegance of your vehicle by choosing a wheel color that matches the color of your vehicle. 

In general, it is better to pick a wheel color that contrasts with the color of your vehicle. For example, white or silver wheels look good on a black car. Bright or metallic wheels are more appropriate for a dark car. 

Dark or matte wheels are more appropriate for a light-colored car. It is also possible to match the color of the wheels to the color of the car. For example, red or burgundy wheels may look good on a red car.

Deciding on a wheel color that matches your car model

The car model is the second important criterion when selecting a wheel color. By choosing a wheel color that matches your car model, you can reflect the character and style of your car.

In general, bright and colorful wheels are more appropriate for a sporty or performance-oriented vehicle. On the other hand, a classic or luxury vehicle would be better served with plain and elegant wheels. Black or silver wheels give your vehicle a sophisticated and elegant look.

Pick a wheel color that matches your personality

The last critical consideration when picking a wheel color is your personality. The wheel color not only expresses how your car looks, but also who you are. Therefore, it is important to choose a color that reflects your personality. 

If you have a bold and assertive personality, bright and eye-catching colors will suit you best. Green or orange wheels, for example, show that you are different and original. If you are a quiet and modest type, classic and simple colors will suit you better. White or gray wheels, for example, show that you are elegant and sophisticated.

Conclusion

You can find the wheel color that best suits your car by keeping these tips in mind when deciding on a wheel color. 

But remember, the final decision is yours. Don’t hesitate to select the wheel color that best suits and pleases you. After all, your car is your most important accessory.